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CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025; Check Latest Paper Pattern & Marking Scheme

by PW Gulf
May 16, 2024
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CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: The CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) has made changes to the exam format for the 12th grade in 2025. These changes were announced in April 2024. The exams for CBSE Class 12 in 2025 will be held using pen and paper, as usual, and will take place between February and April 2025.

In the latest curriculum details provided by the Board for the upcoming exams, CBSE mentioned that the question papers will focus more on testing students' competencies. Additionally, there will be a decrease of 10 percent in the number of constructed response questions compared to the previous year.

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Latest Update

The CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025 has been updated to align with the National Education Policy of 2020. Here are the main points:

  • Each subject is marked out of 100, including both theory and practical components.

  • Theory exams will last for 3 hours.

  • Exams can be taken in either English or Hindi.

  • Exams will be conducted offline.

  • Students can choose to study either 5 or 6 subjects.

  • To pass each subject, students need to achieve a minimum of 33%.

  • The overall passing percentage is also set at 33% aggregate.

Marks Allocation

  • For subjects like Accountancy, Business Studies, and Economics, 80 marks are for theory, with an additional 20 marks for project work.

  • In Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, 70 marks are allocated to theory, and 30 marks are designated for practical exams.

  • Mathematics exams consist of 80 marks for the written exam and 20 marks for internal assessment.

Question Paper Structure

  • Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) contribute 20% of the total marks.

  • Competency-based questions, such as case-based and source-based questions, have been increased from 40% to 50%.

  • Constructed response questions, including short and long answer questions, have been reduced from 40% to 30%.

This updated pattern aims to enhance students' application skills and raise the difficulty level of CBSE Class 12 Exams 2025.

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 2025: Latest Update

Particulars

Details

Conducting Body 

Central Board of Secondary Education 

Question Paper Pattern 

  • MCQs - 20%

  • Competency-based questions in the form of case-based questions, source-based questions, or any other types - 30%

  • Short answer/long answer type questions- 50%

Duration 

3 hours 

Mode 

Offline 

Number of subjects 

5 or 6 (as elected by the student) 

Maximum Marks 

100 (theory + practical)

  • 80 marks theory + 20 marks Project works for Commerce subjects (Accountancy, Business Studies & Economics) 

  • 70 marks theory +30 marks practical for Physics, Chemistry & Biology 

  • 80 marks Maths written exam + 20 marks internal assessment 

Passing marks for each subject 

33%

Passing marks for the overall exam 

Aggregate 33%

Subject-wise Marking Scheme for Class 12 CBSE 2024

CBSE, which is the board for class 12 exams in India, made some important changes to how exams are done because of the National Education Policy 2020. One of these changes is that students in class 12 will have their exams two times in a year now. Also, CBSE plans to include more questions that test practical skills in the exams starting from the year 2025.

  • In CBSE class 12 exams, each subject is worth 100 marks. The final result depends on both the theory and practical exam scores. Practical exams are done inside the school and are worth 20 marks. To pass, students need to get at least 33% marks in each subject and overall.

The examination structure and grading system for CBSE Class 12th 2024 are outlined in the tables below for all subjects. 

 

Subject

Total Marks

Internal Assessment

Theory Marks

Part A Marks

Part B Marks

Mathematics

80

20

80

20

60

Physics

70

30

70

35

35

Chemistry

70

30

70

35

35

Biology

70

30

70

35

35

Accountancy

80

20

80

40

40

Economics

80

20

80

40

40

English Core

80

20

80

40

40

Political Science

80

20

80

40

40

CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025

The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a total of 100 marks, with 80 marks allocated for the theory exam and 20 marks for internal assessment. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Mathematics are as follows:

CBSE Class 12th Maths Exam Pattern 2025

Exam Component

Marks Allocation

Theory Exam

80 marks

Internal Assessment

20 marks

Chapter-wise Marks Allocation:

Relations & Functions

08 marks

Calculus

35 marks

Algebra

10 marks

Vectors & 3-D Geometry

14 marks

Linear Programming

05 marks

Probability

08 marks

Total Marks:

100 marks

Exam Duration:

3 hours

CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern 2025

The CBSE Class 12th Science Exam Pattern for 2025 has undergone some changes. The theoretical exam for Physics is worth 70 marks and lasts for three hours, while the practical exam is worth 30 marks. 

 

The exam pattern is designed to test students' critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, going beyond theoretical knowledge to assess their personal growth and essential skills like discipline, focus, organization, time management, and working under pressure.

CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025

The Physics exam consists of a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Physics are as follows:

CBSE Class 12th Physics Exam Pattern 2025

Topics

Marks

Unit 1: Electrostatics & Unit 2: Current Electricity

16

Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Currents

17

Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves Unit 6: Optics

18

Unit 7: Dual Nature of Radiation & Matter Unit 8: Atoms & Nuclei

12

Unit 9: Electronic Devices

7

Practicals

30

2 experiments 1 from each section

7+7

Practical record

5

1 activity from any section

3

Investigatory project

3

Viva

5

CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025

The Chemistry exam also consists of a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks. The chapter-wise exam pattern and marking scheme for Chemistry are as follows:

CBSE Class 12th Chemistry Exam Pattern 2025

Topics

Marks

Solutions

7

Electrochemistry

9

Chemical Kinetics

7

d -and f- block elements

7

Coordination Compounds

7

Haloalkaline s & Haloarnes

6

Alcohol, Phenols & Ethers

6

Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

8

Amines

6

Biomolecules

7

Practicals

30

Volumetric Analysis

8

Salt Analysis

8

Content-Based Experiment

6

Project

4

Class record & viva

4

CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025

The Biology exam pattern is similar, with a theoretical part worth 70 marks and a practical part worth 30 marks.

CBSE Class 12th Biology Exam Pattern 2025

Exam Component

Marks Allocation

Details

Theory Exam

70 Marks

  • Section A: 16 MCQs and Assertion-Reason Based Questions (1 mark each) 

  • Section B: 5 Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 marks each) 

  • Section C: 7 Short Answer Type Questions (3 marks each)

  • Section D: 2 Case-Study Based Questions (4 marks each) 

  • Section E: 3 Long Answer Type Questions (5 marks each)

Practical Exam

30 Marks

  • One Major Experiment (5 marks) 

  • One Minor Experiment (4 marks) 

  • Slide Preparation (5 marks) 

  • Spotting (7 marks) 

  • Practical Record and Viva Voce (4 marks) 

  • Investigatory Project and its Project Record + Viva Voce (5 marks)

Total Duration:

3 hours

(Both Theory and Practical Exams)

Total Questions:

33

Sections:

A, B, C, D, E

CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025

The CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025 consists of a theoretical exam worth 80 marks and a practical paper worth 20 marks.

The theoretical exam is divided into three parts: Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies, Part B: Financial Statement Analysis, and Part C: Computerized Accounting or Project Work. The practical paper includes a project file and viva voce.

CBSE Class 12th Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025

Exam Component

Marks

Theoretical Exam

80

Part A:

Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies

 

Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms (36 marks)

36

Unit 2: Accounting for Companies (24 marks)

24

Part B:

Financial Statement Analysis

 

Unit 3: Analysis of Financial Statements (12 marks)

12

Unit 4: Cash Flow Statement (8 marks)

8

Part C:

Computerized Accounting or Project Work

 

Unit 4: Computerized Accounting (20 marks)

20

Project File (12 marks)

12

Viva Voce (8 marks)

8

Practical Paper

20

Total

100

CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025

Here is the CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern for 2025:

CBSE Class 12th Business Studies Exam Pattern 2025

Units

Marks

Part A: Principles and Functions of Management

Nature and Significance of Management

16

Planning, Organising

16

Staffing, Directing, Controlling

20

Part B: Business Finance and Marketing

Financial Management, Financial Markets

15

Marketing Management, Consumer Protection

15

Project Work

20

CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025

The CBSE Class 12 Economics Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a total of 80 marks, with 80% allocated to theory and 20% to project work. The theory paper will have a duration of 3 hours, and the practical exams will also be 3 hours long. 

CBSE Class 12th Economics Exam Pattern 2025

Aspect

Marks Allocation

Total Marks

100

Theory Marks

80

Practical/Project Work Marks

20

Theory Duration

3 hours

Practical Exam Duration

3 hours

Theory Paper Breakdown:

Part A: Macroeconomics

40

  • National Income

  • Money and Banking

  • Income and Employment Determination

  • Government Budget

  • Balance of Payments

Part B: Indian Economic Development

40

  • Development Experience

  • Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy

  • Comparison with Neighbors

Practical/Project Work Breakdown:

Project Work

20

CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025

The CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern for 2025 includes a theoretical exam worth 80 marks and an internal assessment worth 20 marks. The exam consists of three sections: Reading, Writing, and Literature. 

CBSE Class 12th English Exam Pattern 2025

Topics 

Marks 

Reading Skills 

20

Creative Writing Skills 

20

Literature Textbooks & Supplementary Reading Texts 

40

Assessment of Listening & Speaking Skills 

10

Internal assessment:

  • Listening 

  • Speaking 

  • Project work 

5
5
10

CBSE Class 12th Exam Pattern 202 FAQs

Q1. What is the duration of CBSE Class 12th exams in 2025?

Ans: The exams will last for 3 hours.

Q2. How many subjects can students choose to study in CBSE Class 12th 2025?

Ans: Students can choose to study either 5 or 6 subjects.

Q3. What is the passing percentage for each subject in CBSE Class 12th 2025?

Ans: To pass each subject, students need to achieve a minimum of 33%.

Q4. How are marks allocated for the Accountancy, Business Studies, and Economics subjects?

Ans: 80 marks are for theory, with an additional 20 marks for project work.

Q5. What percentage of marks do Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) contribute to the total marks?

Ans: MCQs contribute 20% of the total marks.

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